FOCUS-18 受動態 （passive voice）
能動態（active voice）
受動態（passive voice）
voice:動詞の表す行為を行為者の側から見るか、行為の対象の側から見るかに従って区別するもの
[問題文]
Work reports and schefule adjustments are continually undated.
They updated the reports. → The reports were updated (by them).
[副詞の位置]（通常）
are continually updated 《be動詞＋副詞＋過去分詞》
[文型との関係]
受動態はSVO文型のOの部分が主語になることが多い
SVOO文型では「人」「モノ」両方の用例が可能
Employers should give workers paid leave.
→ Workers should be given paid leave (by employers).
→ Paid leave should be given to workers (by employers).
《give + O（人）+ O（モノ）》 → 《give + O(モノ)＋前置詞to + O(人）》で言い換える
[問題文]
10.Any registered member of the media will be permitted to interview performaers, but not without a press pass.
12.Please remember that access to the backstage area during a performance is strictly prohibited to anyone without a security pass.
14.The Talon electric car requires little maintenance and its software systems are upgraded remotely througout the entire life of the vehicle.
18.ACE Electronics, the largest client of DTR Manufacuring, insted that all machines be equipped with internal heat sensors.
25. Anything purchased online can be returned at a retail storen as long as the merchandise is accompanied by proof of purchase.
[TOEICで問われるその他の受動態]
《完了形＋受動態》
《前置詞＋動名詞の受動態》
参照→２４問、３３問
