１３時より軽音楽部の練習。居残りで５月６日開催予定の同期会の準備（封筒切手貼り、住所タグ貼り）。
見た目は悪いがなかなかの出来でした。
2023年2月26日日曜日
[晴れどきどき英語のお勉強] 『真・英文法大全』 CHAPTER 3 接続詞(conjunctions) CHAPTER 3-2 従属接続詞（when/if 型接続詞）の基本（途中まで）
p109
CHAPTER 3-2 従属接続詞（when/if 型接続詞）の基本
3-2-1 従属接続詞の形と用語
用語の確認（従属接続詞／副詞節／主節／従属節）
文法書によって従属接続詞（従位接続詞）、従属節（従位節）、日本語訳に違いあり
本書では「副詞節」を導くとあるが、名詞節と副詞節を導く（形容詞節は関係詞を用いる）
If I fail the test, my mom will take away my video games.
She looks different when she puts on her glasses.
（彼女は眼鏡をかけていると別人に見える）
[FAQ]従属接続詞にはコンマは絶対必要か？
コンマ有無の傾向
①副詞節が前にある → コンマありが多い (If sv), SV.
②副詞節が後ろにある → コンマなしが多い SV (if sv).
[例外]
p111
When he spoke his voice was soft and low.
（彼は柔らかく低い声でしゃべった）…副詞節が前にあるが自明なので
You're hired, provided you can start working tommorrow.
（あなたは採用となりますが、明日から出勤できることが条件となります）…使用頻度の低い接続詞の場合、副詞節が後ろにあってもカンマを打つ
p112
3-2-2 前置詞と接続詞の区別
※共通点：副詞節（接続詞）、副詞句（前置詞）をつくる
※相違点：後に続く文（単語）
[画像]
代表的な前置詞・接続詞
[画像]
Three meals were served during the flight to Sydney.
=Three meals were served while the plane flew to Sydney.
[補足]前置詞・接続詞「両方」の用法があるもの（※「時」を表す単語に多い）
①「時」before/after/till/until/since
②as ※詳細はp879
[まとめ]副詞・前置詞・接続詞の特徴
[画像]
p113
副詞・前置詞・接続詞が英文中でとる形（英文の構造把握力を高めること）
[画像]
p114
3-2-3 従属接続詞一覧（その１）
時・条件を表す従属接続詞
基本的な接続詞
when/while/whenever
I want to use the discount coupon while it's sutll vaild.
vaild:有効な
接続詞と前置詞の両方を役割を持つ接続詞
before/after/till/until/since
Saki has worked at the same company since she graduated from university.
=Saki has worked at the same company since graduation.
副詞から転用された接続詞
as soon as/by the time（～するまでには）/immediately（英）/directly（古語）
I bought the new iPhone as soon as it went on sale.
（発売されてすぐにiPhoneを買った）
p115
名詞から転用された接続詞（while以外）
every time/each time/any time [anytime]「～するときはいつでも」
the moment/the minute/the instant 「～するとすぐに」
p112
3-2-2 前置詞と接続詞の区別
※共通点：副詞節（接続詞）、副詞句（前置詞）をつくる
※相違点：後に続く文（単語）
[画像]
代表的な前置詞・接続詞
[画像]
Three meals were served during the flight to Sydney.
=Three meals were served while the plane flew to Sydney.
[補足]前置詞・接続詞「両方」の用法があるもの（※「時」を表す単語に多い）
①「時」before/after/till/until/since
②as ※詳細はp879
[まとめ]副詞・前置詞・接続詞の特徴
[画像]
p113
副詞・前置詞・接続詞が英文中でとる形（英文の構造把握力を高めること）
[画像]
p114
3-2-3 従属接続詞一覧（その１）
時・条件を表す従属接続詞
基本的な接続詞
when/while/whenever
I want to use the discount coupon while it's sutll vaild.
vaild:有効な
接続詞と前置詞の両方を役割を持つ接続詞
before/after/till/until/since
Saki has worked at the same company since she graduated from university.
=Saki has worked at the same company since graduation.
副詞から転用された接続詞
as soon as/by the time（～するまでには）/immediately（英）/directly（古語）
I bought the new iPhone as soon as it went on sale.
（発売されてすぐにiPhoneを買った）
[解説]
by the time は本来by the time [that] sv で前置詞byに導かれる副詞句
便宜的に接続詞が作る副詞句に転用している
p115
名詞から転用された接続詞（while以外）
every time/each time/any time [anytime]「～するときはいつでも」
the moment/the minute/the instant 「～するとすぐに」
the first time, (the) last time「この前～したときに」※theは省略されることが多い
(the) next time
Every time she calls me, we end up talking for hours.
※end up -ing:「結局最後は～する」
[解説]名詞から接続詞・副詞への転用
while は本来は名詞（for a while, once in a while)
the while that sv（svの時間）の形が接続詞に転用されたもの
now that (now名詞が副詞に転用され、関係副詞thatが付加されたもの）
p115
「条件」を表す従属接続詞
基本的な接続詞
if/unless/once/in case
Unless it stops raining, we'll have to cancel the game.
（もし雨が止まなければ、試合を取りやめないといけない）
[補足]「～したら」を英訳するとき（ifとwhenの区別）
確実でないこと：if、確実なこと：when
If he somes, we'll need to find another chair.（※「来るかどうか」はわからない）
When he comes, let's start the meeting.（※「来る」のは決まっている）
as ～ as/so ～ as の形をとる接続詞
as long as/so long as 「～する限りは」
as far as/so far as/insofar as (=in so far) 「～する範囲内では」
⇒※as long as/as far as の使い分けはp125
insofar as （フォーマルな表現）
As long as it doesn't rain on Saturday, the festival will go ahead as planned.
（土曜日に雨が降らない限り、お祭りは予定通り行われます）
Insofar as a treatment is deemed medically necessary, it will be covered by the patien'ts health insurance.
（治療が医療上必要だと判断されれば、患者の健康保険が適用されます）
※deem OC:「OをCと考える」
p116
その他（直後のthatは省略可能）
suppose/supposing/provided/providing「もし～なら」（～という条件が与えられれば・条件を与えれば≒もし～なら）
※supposeのみ動詞の原形
asuuming「～と家庭すれば」
granting/granted「仮に～としても」
given〔the fact〕「～を考慮すると・～を仮定すると」※詳しくは分詞構文p577
on 〔the〕 condition 「～という条件で」
Provided (that) you have done all the homework sssignments, this quiz should be very easy.
（もし宿題を全部やったのなら、この小テストはすごく簡単なはずです）
Suppose you only had $100. What would you spend it on?
（たとえば１００ドルしか持っていないとしましょう。あなたなら、そのお金を何に使いますか？）
仮定法の用法
p117
[追加例文]
She rushed to the hospital the instant she got the news of the accident.
The tour bus will depart for Asakusa once everyone is on board.
2023年2月25日土曜日
[広島掃除に学ぶ会] ２月２５日（土曜日）平和大通り街頭清掃
２月２５日（土曜日）は広島掃除に学ぶ会の活動で平和大通りの街頭清掃（ゴミ拾い）に参加しました。本日は山陽高校の生徒さんと先生が多数参加され盛況でした。生徒さんには平和大通り中心の清掃。一般会員は西平塚・田中町・鶴見町の街頭を清掃しました。サミット前で地域での清掃活動が活発になっていると思われますが、まだまだゴミは多いです。参加された皆様、引率の先生方、生徒の皆さんありがとうございました。
[ひとり「広島掃除に学ぶ会」] 通勤途中のゴミ拾い ２月２０日（月）～２月２４日（金）
今週は２３日（木）が天皇誕生日で祝日でした。
他の日は広にあるマンションの公休回りでした。往路はJR、帰路はJRのみ、JR＋バス、高速バス、といろいろ。１日に１万歩以上歩いています。
２月２０日（月曜日）
ゴミ拾い：広島駅→千田町
通勤：千田町→広島駅（往復）、安芸阿賀駅→マンション→新広駅→広島
２月２１日（火曜日）
ゴミ拾い：日赤前（バス停）→自宅
通勤：千田町→広島駅、新広駅→マンション→新広駅→広島駅→日赤前（バス）
２月２２日（水曜日）
ゴミ拾い：市役所前→自宅
通勤：千田町→広島駅、安芸阿賀駅→市役所前（高速バス）
ゴミ拾い：広島駅→自宅
通勤：千田町→広島駅、新広駅→マンション（往復）
[その他] １０日と２５日は'Punk in'（パン喰い）の日 グラインドベーカリー（阿賀中央）
ちょっと日付は早いですが、本日の代行勤務先のマンションへの通勤途中にあったパン屋さん。お昼休みに行ってみました。おそらくご主人と奥様２人での経営かと思われます。丁寧に作られたパンが並んでおりました。日本の菓子パンの生地はもう少し柔らかい方がよいかと。ちょっと高めの価格設定です。開店から２年になるそうで地元の方に愛されているお店なのでしょう。
＜店舗情報＞
GRINDBAKERY(グラインドベーカリー)
〒737-0003
広島県呉市阿賀中央５丁目８−４１
2023年2月23日木曜日
[積読立読斜読] 『久保田万太郎俳句集』（岩波文庫、２０２１年）（９２）
湯豆腐やいのちのはてのうすあかり
前置きの一子は吉原の名妓だった三隅一子、再会して一緒に暮らすが、
ほぼ10年後の昭和37年に彼女にも先立たれる。
十句の後に代表句とされる「湯豆腐」の句があります。
その六
一子の死をめぐりて（十句）
８７９ きさゝげのいかにも枯れて立てるかな
８８０ 何か言へばすぐに涙の日短き
８８１ 燭ゆるゝときおもかげの寒さかな
８８２ たましひの拔けしとはこれ、寒さかな
８８３ 戒名のおぼえやすきも寒さかな
８８４ なまじよき日當りえたる寒さかな
８８５ 何見ても影あぢきなき寒さかな
８８６ 身に染みてものの思へぬ寒さかな
８８７ 雨凍てゝ來るものつひに來しおもひ
８８８ 死んでゆくものうらやまし冬ごもり
８８９ 湯豆腐やいのちのはてのうすあかり
[あの頃のレコード] David Bowie "REGACY" (2016) Side 3
３月にデビッド・ボウイのドキュメント映画の決定版"Moopnage Daydream"が公開されるので予習がてらベスト盤を聴いてます。本日はSide 3の紹介です。ミック・ジャガーと共演した"4 Dancing In The Street (David Bowie & Mick Jagger)"以外は１９７０年代の曲。当方のデビッド・ボウイのイメージはだいたいこの年代の曲です。紹介文はWikipediaから。バンドの編成のせいかもしれませんがローリング・ストーンズの曲調とよく似てるような。
Side 3
1 The Jean Genie (1972)
2 Rebel Rebel (1974)
3 Golden Years (1975)
4 Dancing In The Street (David Bowie & Mick Jagger) (1985)
5 China Girl (1977)
1 The Jean Genie
"The Jean Genie" is a song by English singer-songwriter David Bowie, originally released in November 1972 as the lead single to his 1973 album Aladdin Sane. Co-produced by Ken Scott, Bowie recorded it with his backing band the Spiders from Mars − comprising Mick Ronson, Trevor Bolder and Mick Woodmansey. According to Bowie, it was "a smorgasbord of imagined Americana", with a protagonist inspired by Iggy Pop, and the title being an allusion to author Jean Genet. One of Bowie's most famous tracks, it was promoted with a film clip featuring Andy Warhol associate Cyrinda Foxe and peaked at No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart.
2 Rebel Rebel
"Rebel Rebel" is a song by English singer-songwriter David Bowie. It was released in the UK in February 1974 by RCA Records as the lead single from the album Diamond Dogs. Written and produced by Bowie, the song is based around a distinctive guitar riff reminiscent of the Rolling Stones. Cited as his most-covered track, "Rebel Rebel" has been described as Bowie's farewell to the glam rock movement[3] that he had helped initiate, as well as being a proto-punk track.[2] Two versions of the song were recorded: the well-known UK single release and the shorter US single release, which featured added background vocals, extra percussion and a new arrangement.
3 Golden Years
"Golden Years" is a song by English musician David Bowie, released by RCA Records on 21 November 1975 as the lead single from his tenth studio album Station to Station (1976). Partially written before Bowie began shooting for the film The Man Who Fell to Earth (1976), the song was mostly compiled in the studio and was the first track completed for the album. Some biographers say that the song was written for Elvis Presley, who turned it down, while his wife Angie claimed it was written for her. Recording took place at Cherokee Studios in Los Angeles during September 1975. The song was co-produced by David Bowie and Harry Maslin and features contributions from Carlos Alomar and Earl Slick on guitar, George Murray on bass and Dennis Davis on drums; Bowie's old friend Warren Peace contributed backing vocals and assisted with the vocal arrangements. Due to Bowie's heavy cocaine use, he later recalled remembering almost nothing of Station to Station's production.
4 Dancing In The Street (David Bowie & Mick Jagger)
A hit cover version of "Dancing in the Street" was recorded by the English rock icons Mick Jagger and David Bowie as a duo in 1985, to raise money for the Live Aid famine relief cause. The original plan was to perform a track together live, with Bowie performing at Wembley Stadium and Jagger at John F. Kennedy Stadium, until it was realized that the satellite link-up would cause a half-second delay that would make this impossible unless either Bowie or Jagger mimed their contribution, something neither artist was willing to do.In June 1985, Bowie was recording his contributions to the Absolute Beginners soundtrack at Westside Studios with Clive Langer & Alan Winstanley, and so Jagger arranged to fly in to record the track there. A rough mix of the track was completed in just four hours on June 29, 1985.[65] Thirteen hours after the start of recording, the song and video were completed. Jagger arranged for some minor musical overdubs with Steve Thompson and Michael Barbiero in New York City. The single version (Bob Clearmountain mix) is slightly different from the version used on David Bowie's Best of Bowie compilation and others, with the vocals and guitar brought out more and a slightly shorter intro.
5 China Girl
"China Girl" is a song written by Iggy Pop and David Bowie during their years in Berlin, first appearing on Pop's debut solo album, The Idiot (1977). The song became more widely known when it was re-recorded by Bowie, who released it as the second single from his most commercially successful album, Let's Dance (1983). The UK single release of Bowie's version reached No. 2 for one week on 14 June 1983, while the US release reached No. 10.
[惹句どんどん] デイヴィッド・ブルックス（ジャーナリスト）
So I've been thinking about
the difference between the resume virtues
and the eulogy virtues.
縁あって参加している読書会の２月の課題図書『GRIT』に引用されていた元ネタです。
引用は別の視点からで、原文となったTEDトークではもっと深い意味がありました。
便利な世の中になったもので全文のスクリプトがありましたので紹介します。
David Brooks (born August 11, 1961)[1] is a conservative political and cultural commentator who writes for The New York Times.[2][3] He has worked as a film critic for The Washington Times, a reporter and later op-ed editor for The Wall Street Journal,[4] a senior editor at The Weekly Standard from its inception, a contributing editor at Newsweek, and The Atlantic Monthly, in addition to working as a commentator on NPR and the PBS NewsHour.[1]
Wikipediaから。
So I've been thinking about the difference between the resume virtues and the eulogy virtues. The resume virtues are the ones you put on your resume, which are the skills you bring to the marketplace. The eulogy virtues are the ones that get mentioned in the eulogy, which are deeper: who are you, in your depth, what is the nature of your relationships, are you bold, loving, dependable, consistency? And most of us, including me, would say that the eulogy virtues are the more important of the virtues. But at least in my case, are they the ones that I think about the most? And the answer is no.
So I've been thinking about that problem, and a thinker who has helped me think about it is a guy named Joseph Soloveitchik, who was a rabbi who wrote a book called "The Lonely Man Of Faith" in 1965. Soloveitchik said there are two sides of our natures, which he called Adam I and Adam II. Adam I is the worldly, ambitious, external side of our nature. He wants to build, create, create companies, create innovation. Adam II is the humble side of our nature. Adam II wants not only to do good but to be good, to live in a way internally that honors God, creation and our possibilities. Adam I wants to conquer the world. Adam II wants to hear a calling and obey the world. Adam I savors accomplishment. Adam II savors inner consistency and strength. Adam I asks how things work. Adam II asks why we're here. Adam I's motto is "success." Adam II's motto is "love, redemption and return."
And Soloveitchik argued that these two sides of our nature are at war with each other. We live in perpetual self-confrontation between the external success and the internal value. And the tricky thing, I'd say, about these two sides of our nature is they work by different logics. The external logic is an economic logic: input leads to output, risk leads to reward. The internal side of our nature is a moral logic and often an inverse logic. You have to give to receive. You have to surrender to something outside yourself to gain strength within yourself. You have to conquer the desire to get what you want. In order to fulfill yourself, you have to forget yourself. In order to find yourself, you have to lose yourself.
We happen to live in a society that favors Adam I, and often neglects Adam II. And the problem is, that turns you into a shrewd animal who treats life as a game, and you become a cold, calculating creature who slips into a sort of mediocrity where you realize there's a difference between your desired self and your actual self. You're not earning the sort of eulogy you want, you hope someone will give to you. You don't have the depth of conviction. You don't have an emotional sonorousness. You don't have commitment to tasks that would take more than a lifetime to commit.
I was reminded of a common response through history of how you build a solid Adam II, how you build a depth of character. Through history, people have gone back into their own pasts, sometimes to a precious time in their life, to their childhood, and often, the mind gravitates in the past to a moment of shame, some sin committed, some act of selfishness, an act of omission, of shallowness, the sin of anger, the sin of self-pity, trying to be a people-pleaser, a lack of courage. Adam I is built by building on your strengths. Adam II is built by fighting your weaknesses. You go into yourself, you find the sin which you've committed over and again through your life, your signature sin out of which the others emerge, and you fight that sin and you wrestle with that sin, and out of that wrestling, that suffering, then a depth of character is constructed. And we're often not taught to recognize the sin in ourselves, in that we're not taught in this culture how to wrestle with it, how to confront it, and how to combat it. We live in a culture with an Adam I mentality where we're inarticulate about Adam II.
Finally, Reinhold Niebuhr summed up the confrontation, the fully lived Adam I and Adam II life, this way: "Nothing that is worth doing can be achieved in our lifetime; therefore we must be saved by hope. Nothing which is true or beautiful or good makes complete sense in any immediate context of history; therefore we must be saved by faith. Nothing we do, however virtuous, can be accomplished alone; therefore we must be saved by love. No virtuous act is quite as virtuous from the standpoint of our friend or foe as from our own standpoint. Therefore we must be saved by that final form of love, which is forgiveness."
Thanks.
(Applause)
[惹句どんどん] 三森ゆりか（つくば言語技術教育研究所）『外国語を身につけるための日本語レッスン』（白水社）
著書より孫引きです。
「表現力の訓練は、まず母国語で行うのが順序というものだ。秩序だった概念を日本語で表現できなければ、英語習得にカネを注ぎ込んでも一言も口がきけないはずである。存在しない思考を翻訳することはできないからだ。」（佐藤隆三『アメリカ豊かなる没落』より）
2023年2月21日火曜日
[惹句どんどん] 長澤光太郎（三菱総合研究所顧問）
１９６０年前後の生まれの世代は、
おそらくそういう時代に生きる、
日本の歴史の中で、
いや世界の歴史の中での
先駆者になると思われます。
こんな時代（超高齢化社会）になったのは、人類史上でおそらく初めてです。そのため、働く環境など、還暦以降の人生を受け入れる社会の仕組みは、ほぼ未整備です。それでもこれからは、日本に生まれた人は、ほぼ間違いなく９０歳（あるいはそれ以上）まで生きる社内になります。１９６０年前後の生まれの世代は、おそらくそういう時代に生きる、日本の歴史の中で、いや世界の歴史の中での先駆者になると思われます。
2023年2月19日日曜日
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