14:39 2026/08/21
Lesson 09 否定文と疑問文
[Input Stage]
[be動詞の否定文]
be動詞の後ろに not をつける
短縮形：is not → isn't, are not → aren't
I am not → I'm not （例外）
He is Tom.
He is not Tom.
[be動詞の疑問文]
be動詞を文頭に移動させる
He is Tom.
Is he Tom?
[be動詞の疑問文の返事の仕方]
Is Mr. Komatsu friendly and hard-working?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn't.
※疑問文の主語が名詞であれば、返事をする場合は代名詞に変わる
[一般動詞の否定文]
一般動詞の否定文は動詞の前に do/does not （短縮形 don't, doesn't）をつける
does not:主語が三人称単数現在（He, She, It）の場合
否定文にすると一般動詞は原型に戻る
I like her.
I don't like her.
He likes her.
He doesn't like her.
[一般動詞の疑問文]
一般動詞の疑問文は文頭に Do/Does を置き、一般動詞は原型に戻る
He likes her.
Does he like her?
主語が三人称単数（He, She, It）であれば Does を用いる
[一般動詞の疑問文 返事の仕方]
Does Jazuto spend much money?
Yes, he does.
Do Maki and Emi learn a lot of gestures for communicaion?
No, they don't.
※主語がyouの場合は、返事の主語に注意
Do you need sugar and salt?
Yes, I do.
No, I don't.
Are you ready for the interview?
Yes, we are. / No, we aren't.
[命令文]
命令文は主語が省略され動詞の原形から文が始まる
You practice magic every day.
Practice magic every day.
You are quiet here.
Be quiet here.
文頭に Don't を付けると「禁止」の表現になる
Don't worry aobu me.
Don't be afraid.
（※be動詞の場合でも例外的にDon'tを使う）
[丁寧な命令文]
Please follow me.
=Follow me, please.
